- ὀσφραίνομαι
- ὀσφραίνομαιGrammatical information: v.Meaning: `to smell, to sniff'; rare a. late caus. ὀσφραίνω, also w. ἀπ-, συν-, παρ- a.o., `to give to smell, to make smell' (Gal., Gp.).Other forms: Aor. ὀσφρ-έσθαι (Att.; ὤσφραντο Hdt. 1, 80), fut. ὀσφρ-ήσομαι (Att.), also ὀσφρανθῆναι (Hp., Arist.), -θήσομαι (LXX), younger pres. ὀσφρ-ᾶται (Paus., Luc.), aor. ὠσφρ-ήσαντο, -ήθη (Arat., Ael.).Compounds: Rarely w. περι-, ὑπ-, κατ-. Comp. καπν-οσφράν-της m. "smoke smeller" (Com. Adesp., Alciphr.).Derivatives: 1. ὄσφρ-ησις f. `olfactory sense, olf. organ' (Pl., Arist.), 2. -ασία f. `smell, the smelling' (LXX, Arr.), 3. -ανσις f. `olfactory sense' (Clearch.). 4. backformation ὄσφραι f. pl. `flavours, smell' (Ach. Tat.) with ὀσφράδιον n. `bunch of flowers' (Eust.). 5. ὀσφρ-αντήριος `smelling, sniffing' (Ar.), 6. -αντικός `smelling, able to smell (Arist.), -ητικός `id.' (Gal., D. L.); 7. -αντός (Arist.). -ητός (S. E., Gal.) `smellable'.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [772] *h₃ed- `smell' + ?Etymology: The complex is clearly built after comparable fomations, but the attestations do not allow certains conclusions on their relative chronology. With ὀσφρέσθαι : ὀσφρήσομαι : ὀσφρητός agree the semantically related, much more frequent αἰσθέσθαι : αἰσθήσομαι : αἰσθητός. ὀσφραίνομαι may have followed it after formal examples like ἀλιτέσθαι : ἀλιταίνομαι, βήσομαι : βαίνω, πεφήσεται : φαίνω etc.; further ὀσφρανθῆναι after εὑφρανθῆναι; ὤσφραντο (Hdt.) prob. after ἠνείκαντο a.o. (cf. Wackernagel Verrn. Beitr. 48 = Kl. Schr. 1, 809). So there is no ground to consider the diff. forms as inherited (thus e.g. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 82f.). -- That the initial syllable is connected with ὄζω, ὀδμή, ὀσμή, is since long accepted (s. Curtius 244 w. lit.); since Wackernagel KZ 33, 43 (Kl. Schr. 1, 722) one supposes in it a zero grade σ-stem *ὀδσ- (cf. -ώδης a.o. s. ὄζω). Against W.s further identification of ὀσ-φραίνομιαι with ἀ-, εὑ-φραίνω (to φρήν) speak esp. the non-present forms ὀσ-φρέσθαι, -φρήσασθαι, with which ἀ-, εὑ-φραίνω give nothing comparable. Instead Brugmann (e.g. IF 6, 100ff.) a.o. try to connect Skt. jí-ghr-ati, ghrā-ti `smell', ghrāṇa-m n. `scent, nose' ( = Toch. A krāṃ `id.'; cf. Duchesne-Guillemin BSL 41, 154). The details remain meanwhile unclear; Schwyzer 644 n. 5 is inclined, with Brugmann4 302 n. 1 a.o. to start from a noun *ὄσ-φρ-ος `detect a smell'; against this with good arguments Debrunner IF 21, 42 . -- Older lit. in Bq.Page in Frisk: 2,438-439
Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό). Robert S.P.. 2010.